A disease like gastritis is becoming more common these days. The most important condition for rapid recovery is a diet for gastritis, which consists of eating soft foods for the gastric mucosa and following certain dietary rules. In this article, we will learn why you should follow a diet, what the risk of incompatibility is, and what the consequences will be.
Why should you follow a diet with gastritis?
No medication can completely cure gastritis (acute or chronic). At present, pharmacies offer a wide range of drugs for gastritis, but not all of them can relieve the symptoms of the disease (stomach pain and cramps, heartburn, stool disorders, itching) and can not go through a full course of treatment. . Without a diet, medications will not give the expected results and there will be a loss of money.
General rules
The basic principle of a diet for inflammation of the gastric mucosa is to maintain a rational diet that helps ensure adequate digestion. Gastritis menu (both high acidity and low) involves the use of a certain daily nutrient: between 90 and 100 g of protein and fat, 400 to 420 g of carbohydrates. In this case, the amount of calories should not exceed 3000. Drinking fluids should be at least 2 liters per day.
Diet for gastritis should be strict, but at the same time recipes should contain nutritious foods that do not irritate the stomach walls. The food should be eaten crushed, boiled well enough or steamed. You need to eat often, food intake should be moderate. Don't enjoy conflicting foods - there are cold foods as well as hot ones. It is forbidden to eat at night, because like any human body, the stomach must rest at night.
Diet and gastritis
Hyper acid
This type of gastritis is accompanied by an increase in the secretion of gastric juice. For him, the first on the list was specially selected - diet number 1, the main purpose of which is to protect and preserve the gastric mucosa from external stimuli. Therefore, the basis of rational digestion are foods that reduce acidity. The diet offers the following foods:
- milk porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice);
- mashed vegetable soups;
- skim milk and dairy products;
- steamed egg omelet;
- lean meat (rabbit, turkey);
- low-fat species of fish (hake, pollock, cotton, etc. ).
The menu of the disease should consist of such vegetables: boiled potatoes, carrots, pumpkin, squash. All diet recipes include boiled, steamed and mashed vegetables. Non-acidic fruits should be preferred: avocado, mango, sweet apple. You should eat sweet berries: strawberries, raspberries, cherries, as well as melons (watermelons and melons).
It is very useful to drink a glass of milk in the morning and evening. Inclusion of animal and vegetable fats in the diet will have a positive effect on the stomach and will help relieve painful symptoms. It is forbidden to eat such foods that cause excessive secretion of gastric juice with gastritis. These include:
- fried, salty, spicy foods;
- sauces;
- black bread;
- fresh dough from butter dough;
- canned products;
- black coffee and tea.
The diet for patients with gastritis strictly prohibits the intake of alcohol, beer, soda.
Hypoacid
Decreased gastric acidity is observed with diffuse and erosive gastritis. It is necessary to eat easily digestible foods that do not irritate the stomach walls. Allowed food samples: stale bread; Oatmeal, buckwheat, rice porridge (especially for breakfast) are the most useful cereals. For hypoacid gastritis, many fruits can be pureed or grated. Citrus fruits are allowed in moderation. Berry compote is also useful.
Lean types of meat are preferred for eating: chicken, turkey, young veal; fish - hake, cod, fish (except for oily species). You can cook hated meat and fish broths. Low-fat dairy products and yogurt desserts are allowed. It is worth giving up flour, cakes and greasy cookies. Black tea is forbidden, but you can drink kvass, beer, black coffee. Smoked meat and salty and spicy foods are prohibited.
An approximate diet for patients with gastritis with low gastric acidity is not as difficult as a disease with high acidity, and sometimes even includes the use of fried foods, pickled vegetables, even in the absence of exacerbations.
Types of diets and their characteristics
Treatment of gastritis patients with diet number 1
Indicated for gastric ulcers with superficial, diffuse and erosive gastritis. The food is boiled or steamed, not chopped. Eliminate foods that cause excessive stomach acid secretion. The diet for people suffering from gastritis aims to treat the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, treat ulcers and erosions, and normalize the stomach. It is necessary to eat 5-6 times a day with 2-hour intervals between meals and eat in small portions.
There are two changes in the number one diet: number 1a and number 1b. Diet 1a has the following principle: dishes are prepared in liquid, puree or crushed form.When you can not eat vegetables, fruits and bread, it is recommended to eat very often - 6-7 times a day.Such a strict diet is prescribed to patients with diffuse, erosive gastritis, as well as in the first week of the postoperative period. Dietary Table 1b contains the same dietary principles, but differs in the composition of substances (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and nutritional value. Determined at the end of the course of treatment using Table 1a.
Diet No. 2 and gastritis
Therapeutic diet is indicated for superficial, chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enteritis and colitis in the treatment phase. Proper nutrition aims to provide the body with food, stimulate the secretory function of the digestive system and normalize the normal functioning of the digestive system. With such a diet, it is allowed to cook and eat food in boiled, baked, not too fried form.
The use of indigestible, irritating, contradictory foods to the gastric mucosa is prohibited.
Diet No. 5 and gastritis
This is a diet prescribed not only for superficial gastritis, but also for other diseases: hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic colitis and inflammation of the gallbladder. The purpose of the diet is to provide the body with a complete and high-quality fortified composition, normalize lipid metabolism and the normal functioning of the digestive system. Meals should be soft on the stomach, with a limited amount of animal fat, boiled, steamed or baked. Need to eat often, 4-5 times a day, eat in small portions.
Principles of nutrition for children and pregnant women
When treating a child's weakness, great care is taken to follow a proper diet, in addition to taking medication to relieve the unpleasant symptoms. There are three main principles of dietary treatment for a child: adherence to a diet (timely feeding - at least 4 times a day, with short intervals between them); quality of preparation and proper technology (products must be fresh, cooked immediately before the main meal, add a minimum of salt and flavor); the content of healthy and nutritious foods for the child in the healing menu.
Bed rest and a strict diet are recommended for pregnant women with a disease such as gastritis.A simple protein diet is indicated, eat 5-6 times a day.All dishes can be boiled and steamed, it is strictly forbidden to eat fried food. The diet for pregnant women prohibits the use of sugary foods, hot spices and salt. The therapeutic effect will be provided by dairy products, steamed egg omelets, cereals, mineral water, as well as the rest of the diet indicated for people with hyperacid and hypoacid forms of the disease.
Approximate diet menu for the day
- Breakfast: steamed omelet, cocoa with milk.
- Second breakfast: fruit yogurt.
- Lunch: chicken broth, rice porridge and steamed fish cake, berry compote.
- Afternoon snack: a cheesecake and apple jelly.
- Dinner: a piece of baked potato, vinaigrette, chamomile tea.
- Second dinner: fermented baked milk and biscuit biscuits.
What are the risks of not following a diet?
In humans, the incompatibility of the diet with a disease leads to the following consequences: pathology of the gastric mucosa, the formation of ulcers and erosions, which will result in gastric ulcer. In addition, there is a disturbance in the functioning of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the development of diseases. In the worst case, gastritis can lead to the development of stomach cancer. Therefore, to avoid such sad consequences, follow a healthy diet and simple rules of diet, then nothing will threaten your health.